SECTION B · LESSON 02 · B2

Gas Lab

Fixed mass · sealed gas

Boyle Temperature locked

Preparing the 3D piston…

You can already use the controls below.

Gas volume: 60.0 cm³ · Piston adjustable

Drag the piston vertically, or use the Volume control

Absolute pressure100 kPa0–600 kPa · zero is vacuum

Volume60 cm³

Temperature300 K27 °C

Particle view Orbit camera

72 representative particles, fixed in number and size. Speed ∝ √T: 1× the 300 K speed. Collisions flash briefly. Particles and collision effects are qualitative, not to scale.

Change the gas

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Volume /cm³

20 cm³240 cm³

Temperature scale

Temperature /K Locked

200 K600 K

Equilibrated ideal state

Same mass and temperature: average particle speed stays the same. A smaller volume means more frequent collisions with each unit of wall area, so pressure rises.

Controls select slow, settled states. In Boyle mode, heat exchange restores the fixed temperature. Fast real compression can warm a gas; that transient is not modeled.

Before & after · calculations

Settled values · fixed gas mass
State	Absolute P / kPa	V / cm³	T / K	PV/T / kPa cm³ K⁻¹
Before	100	60	300	20
After	100	60	300	20

P₂ = 100 × (300/300) × (60/60) = 100 kPa

T / K = temperature / °C + 273. This lesson uses 273 throughout.

Readings & graphs · 0/30

Plot P against 1/V

Record settled readings to build your graph. No experimental data is preloaded.